Description:

This is an advanced course on the use of generators, transformers and motors. Upon successful completion of this course, the student should be able to interpret and apply the rules of the current National Electrical Code to wiring systems composed of these electrical components. Also, the student will gain a working knowledge of the theory of these single-phase and 3-phase electrical components and their practical applications in everyday use in the electrical industry. 4 hrs. lecture/wk.

Supplies: Refer to the instructor's course syllabus for details about any supplies that may be required.

Textbook(s): For information see - http://bookstore.jccc.net

Course Fees: NONE

Course Objectives:

Upon successful completion of this course the student should be able to:

1. Design a three-phase generator installation using a wye connected system and a delta connected system to include calculating the size of the over-current protection device, the conductor size and the NEC requirements for grounding.
2. Design a three-phase transfer switch installation and its required branch circuits for a legally required generator system.
3. Explain the operating principle of a three-phase transformer.
4. Design a three-phase transformer installation to include the proper kVA rating of the transformer, over-current protection, conductor size and proper grounding using the requirements of the NEC.
5. Demonstrate how to connect a three-phase, four wire, wye connected transformer and the NEC requirements for bonding, grounding electrode conductors and grounding electrodes.
6. Explain the basic operating principle of a three-phase induction motor.
7. Design a three-phase circuit for a group of motors to include the type of starting method, conductor sizes, over-current protection and size of overloads.
8. Design a control circuit for a three-phase motor.
9. Explain the steps for troubleshooting a single-phase induction motor and a three-phase induction motor.

Content Outline & Competencies:

I. Generators 
   A. Generator Principles
      1. Explain the basic operation of a generator.
      2. Explain the use of brushes and commutators in generators.
      3. Differentiate between single-phase output power and three-phase
output power.
      4. Differentiate between a generator and a motor.
      5. Explain the difference between a wye connected system and a delta
connected system.
      6. Explain how to properly locate a generator for installation using
the requirements of the NEC.
      7. Calculate the size of the over-current protection device for a
generator.
      8. Calculate the conductor size for a generator.
   B. Emergency System Generators and the National Electrical Code
      1. Explain the purpose of the emergency system generator.
      2. Explain how to size an emergency system generator.
      3. Explain the use of a transfer switch.
   C. Legally Required and Optional Stand-by Systems
      1. Explain the purpose of a legally required generator system.
      2. List the requirements of the NEC pertaining to transfer switches
and its related equipment.
      3. List the requirements of the NEC for over-current protection
devices and grounding that pertain to transfer switches, NEC Article 701.
   D. Generators Supplying Essential Loads for Hospitals
      1. Explain the requirements for emergency systems.
      2. Differentiate a life safety branch circuit and a critical branch
circuit.
      3. Explain an isolated power system.
      4. List the NEC requirements for generator grounding for 480 volt to
1,000 volt systems, NEC Article 517.
      5. Explain the methods of high-impedance grounding.

II. Transformers 
   A. Transformer Theory
      1. List the primary components of a transformer.
      2. Explain turns-ratio in transformer windings.
      3. Explain the characteristics of a wye-connected three-phase
transformer.
      4. Explain the characteristics of a delta-connected three-phase
transformer.
      5. Describe an open-delta connected transformer.
      6. Explain the purpose of balancing loads on single-phase and
three-phase transformer windings.
      7. Explain the purpose of de-rating a transformer in a
high-altitude.
   B. Installing Transformers, NEC Article 450
      1. Describe the markings on a transformer nameplate.
      2. Explain the NEC requirements for transformer guarding and
ventilation.
      3. Explain the NEC requirements for clearances of dry-type
transformers installed indoors.
      4. Explain the different NEC requirements for transformer vaults.
      5. Explain the different types of liquid materials used as
transformer insulation and the NEC requirements for each.
   C. Transformer Vaults
      1. Explain the NEC requirements for construction of transformer
vaults.
      2. Explain the NEC requirements for doorways in a transformer
vault.
      3. List the NEC requirements for ventilation openings, drainage, and
storage in a transformer vault.
   D. Sizing Transformers and Connections
      1. Size the kVA rating of a transformer using wye-connected
secondaries.
      2. Size the kVA rating of a transformer using closed delta-connected
secondaries.
      3. Size the kVA rating of a transformer using open delta-connected
secondaries.
      4. Explain the use of the ten-foot tap rule and the twenty-five foot
tap rule for transformer secondaries.
   E. Protecting Transformers
      1. Calculate the current rating in the primary and secondary winding
of a transformer.
      2. Calculate the available fault current in a transformer.
      3. Explain the NEC requirements for over-current protection in
transformers rated over 600 volts.
      4. Explain the NEC requirements for over-current protection in
transformers rated less than 600 volts.
      5. Explain the NEC requirements for grounding transformers.
   F. Secondary Ties
      1. Define a secondary tie circuit.
      2. Explain the NEC requirements for tie circuit protection.
      3. Define a radial supply system.
      4. Explain a loop supply system.
      5. Define a bus-tie loop.
   G. Windings and Components
      1. Explain how to test a transformer winding for continuity.
      2. Define an additive type and subtractive type winding.
      3. Explain how to test a transformer winding for polarity.
      4. Differentiate phase-to-phase voltage and phase-to-ground
voltage.
      5. Identify the high voltage and low voltage connections.
      6. Demonstrate how to connect a three-phase, closed delta system and
a three-phase, open delta system
      7. Demonstrate how to connect a three-phase, four wire, wye system.
      8. Show how to connect a three-phase, corner grounded delta system.
      9. Define a separately derived AC system.
      10. Explain the NEC requirements for bonding, grounding electrode
conductors and grounding electrodes.
      11. Size the grounding electrode conductor for a transformer.

III. Motors 
   A. Motor Theory
      1. Explain the polarity of the poles in an electromagnet.
      2. Describe a basic induction motor.
      3. Describe a Class B, C, D, and E motor.
      4. Explain IR losses in a motor.
      5. Explain what causes mechanical losses in a motor.
      6. Explain what causes core losses in a motor.
      7. Explain operating torque and slip.
      8. Explain power factor and reactive power.
      9. Differentiate between apparent power and actual power.
   B. Types of Motors
      1. List the primary components of a single-phase motor.
      2. Explain a Split-phase motor.
      3. Describe how to reverse the direction of a single-phase motor.
      4. Explain thermal protection in a motor.
      5. Describe how a capacitor is used to start and run a single-phase
motor.
      6. Describe a permanent split capacitor motor.
      7. Describe a shaded pole motor.
      8. Describe the characteristics of a three-phase motor.
      9. Explain the basic operation of a three-phase squirrel-cage
induction motor
      10. Explain the NEC requirements for the installation of a fire pump
motor.
   C. Design Letters and Code Letters for Motors
      1. Explain starting torque for a motor.
      2. Describe the torque characteristics for a series, shunt and
compound DC motor.
      3. Explain the NEMA Classification of Design B, C, D, and E motors.
      4. Explain locked-rotor current based upon the code letter on a
motor.
   D. Starting Methods for Motors
      1. Explain full-voltage starting.
      2. Explain reactor starting.
      3. Explain resistor starting.
      4. Explain autotransformer starting.
      5. Explain solid state starting.
      6. List the primary components of an adjustable frequency drive.
      7. Describe an inverter.
      8. Explain the function of an eddy-current drive.
      9. Explain wye-delta starting.

IV. Motor Circuits
   A. Over-current Protection for Individual Motors
      1. Explain the use of an instantaneous trip circuit breaker.
      2. Size an over-current protection device for a motor using the
requirements of the NEC, Article 430.
      3. Explain the NEC requirements for using non-time-delay fuses.
      4. Explain the NEC requirements for using time-delay fuses.
      5. Explain the NEC requirements for using instantaneous trip circuit
breakers.
      6. Explain the NEC requirements for using inverse-time circuit
breakers.
      7. Obtain full-load-current ratings for all types of motors by using
tables 430.247 through 430.250 in the NEC.
      8. Size the maximum over-current protection device allowed by the
NEC.
      9. Size an over-current protection device for a group of motors.
   B. Overload Protection for Individual Motors
      1. Define minimum size overload protection.
      2. Explain service factor.
      3. Explain temperature rise.
      4. Define maximum size overload protection.
      5. Explain the term single-phasing.
      6. Size a controller based on a motor's horsepower.
      7. Size an overload for a motor using the motor's nameplate
information.
   C. Motor Feeder and Branch-Circuit Conductors
      1. Size the conductor for a single motor using the NEC.
      2. Size the conductor for adjustable speed drive systems.
      3. Explain the NEC requirements for sizing conductors for continuous
duty and for other than continuous duty motors.
      4. Size the conductors for a group of motors using the NEC.
      5. Determine the largest motor of the group based on the duty
cycle.
      6. Explain the application of demand factors when sizing
conductors.
      7. Explain how to size the conductors for capacitors.
   D. Control Circuit Conductors and Components
      1. Explain the NEC requirements for control circuit conductor
protection.
      2. Explain short-circuit protection.
      3. Define a class 1 control circuit.
      4. Explain a power-limited circuit.
      5. Define a class 2 and class 3 circuit.
   E. Connecting Controls for Operation
      1. List the main components for a magnetic starter.
      2. Draw a two-wire control system.
      3. Draw a three-wire control system.
      4. List the different types of control devices used to start or stop
motors.
      5. Explain a start/stop station.
      6. Explain a jog station.
      7. Explain the function of an auxiliary contact.
      8. Explain a hand-off-automatic switch.
   F. Troubleshooting Motor Windings and Components
      1. Explain how to test for grounds, open-circuits, and
short-circuits in a motor winding.
      2. Explain how to test for open-circuits and short-circuits in a
capacitor.
      3. Explain how to test a centrifugal switch.
      4. Explain how to test the brushes in a universal motor.
      5. Describe the terminal markings of a three-phase motor.
      6. Explain how to troubleshoot a motor control circuit.
      7. Explain the procedure for testing fuses in a motor circuit.

Methods of Evaluation of Competencies:

Evaluation of student mastery of course competencies will be accomplished using the following methods:

Chapter Exams        40% of grade
Homework             30% of grade
Class Participation  10% of grade
Final Exam           20% of grade
                    100%
Grade Criteria:
   90% +     = A
   80 - 89%  = B
   70 - 79%  = C
   60 - 69%  = D
   Below 60% = F

Caveats: NONE

Disabilities:

If you are a student with a disability, and if you will be requesting accommodations, it is your responsibility to contact Access Services. Access Services will recommend any appropriate accommodations to your professor and his/her director. The professor and director will identify for you which accommodations will be arranged.

JCCC provides a range of services to allow persons with disabilities to participate in educational programs and activities. If you desire support services, contact the office of Access Services for Students With Disabilities (913) 469-8500, ext. 3521 or TDD (913) 469-3885. The Access Services office is located in the Success Center on the second floor of the Student Center.